Beat Organic Growth, Held Guidance: The Cost Headwind Hidden in a Strong Quarter
Corona delivered organic growth of 21.4%—50% above guidance—and PAT growth of 30.1%, but management maintained FY27 targets citing geopolitical raw material cost inflation. The gap between the operational beat and the cautious tone is where the real story sits.
₹422.4 Cr
+21.9% YoY
₹60.1 Cr
+30.1% YoY
22%
+190 bps YoY
21.4%
vs 15% guidance
Corona delivered a clean operational beat in Q1 FY27: organic revenue growth of 21.4% nearly doubled the company's own 15% FY27 guidance, and PAT growth of 30.1% exceeded the 20% full-year target. Yet in the earnings call, management maintained FY27 guidance rather than raising it. That contradiction—operational excellence paired with cautious guidance—is the quarter's defining tension. Management's reason was explicit and material: geopolitical raw material cost inflation in Southeast Asia, expected to hit approximately 100 basis points in Q2 onwards. The margin expansion in Q1 was real, but management signalled it was not durable. Investors need to understand why.
What Corona delivered
The growth came from three legs, all stronger than peers. Volume growth of 6.3% ran 5x the Indian Pharma Market (IPM) benchmark of 1.3%. Pricing added 8.7%, well above IPM's 5.6%. New launches contributed 3.4% (IPM: 2.9%). Combined, this 21.4% organic beat reflected Corona's pricing power and brand equity in its chronic portfolio—73.4% of revenue—where demand is stable and margins higher than in acute therapies. Women's Healthcare (30% of domestic revenue) grew 23.3%, Urology 27.6%, Cardio-Diabeto 15%—all outpacing their respective IPM benchmarks. The company's IPM rank improved from 29th to 26th among the top 30 pharmas in the 12 months to June 2026, the sharpest driver being volume penetration.
Profitability grew faster than revenue. PAT margin expanded 90 basis points year-over-year to 14.2% (from 13.3%), and EBITDA margin by 190 basis points to 22%. The expansion was driven by favorable segment mix (chronic products carry higher gross margins ~80%, per prior guidance) and operating leverage—Corona had zero MR (medical representative) additions in FY27, instead leveraging its existing field force against 21% growth. This is a high-quality beat: no one-time items, no MTM gains, no tax releases. The operating performance is genuine.
What management claimed vs. what holds up
Organic growth 21.4% significantly beats 15% guidance
Delivered ₹422.4 Cr revenue, organic ex-Wokadine 21.4% YoY
Supported
PAT growth >20% achievable for FY27
Q1 delivered 30.1% YoY (₹60.1 Cr vs ₹46 Cr prior year), PAT margin 14.2% vs 13.3% prior
Supported
Fastest-growing among top-30 pharmas; rank 29→26 in 12 months
Volume growth 6.3% (5x IPM 1.3%), pricing 8.7% (vs IPM 5.6%), both evidence outperformance
Supported
Margins can be sustained at current levels (~22% EBITDA, 14.2% PAT)
Management explicitly stated 'premature to comment on sustainability' due to geopolitical volatility; expects ~100 bps headwind in Q2+
Overstated
Pricing power demonstrates competitive moat
Pricing 8.7% vs IPM 5.6%, margin expansion supports claim; but management attributes caution to inability to fully offset cost headwinds
Supported but qualified
What changed on this call
Margin guidance tone shifted materially cautious. In prior quarters, management had guided for stable EBITDA margins supported by gross margin discipline (~80%) and operating leverage. On this call, management explicitly stated: 'While encouraged by this performance, remain cautious about extrapolating current margin profile into coming quarters... premature to comment on sustainability of current levels.' The driver is geopolitical risk in Southeast Asia, where Corona sources raw materials. Inflation began impacting late Q1; management had a 70–90 day inventory buffer that cushioned Q1. New procurement arriving in June onwards exposed Q2 to the full cost hit, estimated at approximately 100 basis points of PAT impact. This is real and material.
Wokadine acquisition growth trajectory reset. Corona acquired Wokadine (a hormonal brand) for ₹97 Cr in December 2025, guiding for 25% CAGR (₹20 Cr to ₹40 Cr internal revenue over 3 years). Q1 showed weak ramp; management attributed it to 'supply chain integration phase' and deferred detailed colour to 'another two, three quarters.' This is material underperformance risk to the 1.5–2% inorganic growth guidance (total ~17% FY27 target). Analysts pressed; management held to the 25% CAGR narrative but did not quantify revised trajectory.
Hormone facility EU-GMP certification achieved on schedule. Corona's ₹130 Cr capex investment in a Women's hormone manufacturing facility at Solan was commercialized on June 30, as planned. The facility is quality-differentiated (EU-GMP approved) and intended to support both domestic and international expansion. However, utilization is expected to remain suboptimal in FY27—management guided for asset turnover ratio <1x in FY27, rising to 2–3x over 3 years. This implies depreciation drag (~₹6.5 Cr/year) on PAT in the near term, though the long-term export runway (FY28–29 onwards, post-dossier filing in Nov–Dec 2026) is credible.
The bull-bear ledger
Organic growth 21.4% proves execution, brands winning on volume + price
Chronic portfolio (73.4%) provides stable, high-margin base resistant to acute-therapy competition
IPM ranking improved (29→26) with outperformance on all three growth levers (volume 5x, price 1.55x, new launches 1.17x)
Women's Healthcare at 30% of domestic revenue and 23.3% growth; EU-GMP facility differentiates in hormonal formulations
Management maintained FY27 guidance despite Q1 beat, signalling caution rather than euphoria
Reported PAT margin expansion real (90 bps to 14.2%) but not durable due to geopolitical cost headwinds (~100 bps expected)
Wokadine (₹97 Cr acquisition) showing weak Q1 ramp; 25% CAGR target at risk, trajectory opaque
Hormone facility under-utilization in FY27 (turnover <1x); depreciation drag until ramp completes
International business immaterial (3% of revenue); export ramp dependent on EU-GMP dossier approval (FY28–29 timeline), execution risk
Risks, ranked by how much they should concern a holder
Geopolitical raw material cost inflation (Southeast Asia)
High~100 bps PAT headwind expected in Q2+. Started impacting late Q1; new procurement arriving June onwards. If inflation persists or pricing power exhausted, margins compress below FY27 guidance (20% PAT growth target becomes unachievable). Duration and magnitude unpredictable.
Wokadine acquisition ramp underperformance vs 25% CAGR target
MediumQ1 showed weak ramp; management deferred colour. If acceleration doesn't materialize in Q2–Q3, the 1.5–2% inorganic growth guidance and overall 17% FY27 target at risk. Accounts for ~1% of inorganic target; miss would imply organic growth needs to overcompensate.
Hormone facility under-utilization in FY27 (asset turnover <1x)
Medium₹130 Cr capex with ~₹6.5 Cr annual depreciation. FY27 drag on PAT (~50–60 bps estimated). Ramp to full capacity (2–3x turnover) over 3 years; execution risk if utilization slower than guided. Domestic demand must absorb capacity until international dossier approval (FY28–29).
Margin sustainability in face of cost headwinds
MediumManagement explicitly cautious on extrapolating 22% EBITDA margins. Pricing power (8.7% vs IPM 5.6%) demonstrated, but if geopolitical inflation continues and pricing capped by competition, margins compress. FY27 guidance (20% PAT growth) assumes cost offset; miss requires volume/mix to compensate.
International business immaterial and long-dated
Low-Medium3% of revenue today; target higher single-digit after 5 years. Dossier filing Nov–Dec 2026, regulatory approval 12–18 months (FY28–29 kick-off). Regulatory risk, timeline risk, market adoption risk. Hormone facility differentiation only valuable if international ramp succeeds.
How the street is positioned
Post-result price action: Corona's stock popped +0.95% on day 1 (result announcement), but by day 5 had faded to −1.96%. This trajectory tells the story: the market initially celebrated the operational beat, then parsed the guidance maintenance and management's cautious margin tone, and sold the relief. The fade suggests the street agrees with management's caution—a strong operational quarter, but not a signal to re-rate the stock higher. The stock currently sits at ₹2137.1, approximately 5.86% below its all-time high of ₹2270.1, still up 59.89% from its 52-week low of ₹1336.6. Relative to key moving averages, it trades above the 20-day SMA (₹2091.12) and 50-day SMA (₹1981.13), confirming an uptrend, though the RSI of 54.8 suggests no extremes.
Institutional flows: In Q1 FY27 (most recent filed quarter), FII ownership increased 138 basis points to 3.63% (from 2.25% in Q4 FY26), and DII increased 588 basis points to 12.90% (from 7.02%). This is meaningful inflow—DIIs added substantially while FIIs added in parallel. Bulk and block deals in mid-June 2026 (at ₹1730, before the current ₹2137) show mutual funds and foreign entities accumulating: Aditya Birla Sun Life MF, Ashoka WhiteOak, Abu Dhabi Investment Authority, and others added shares. Promoter holding remains stable at 69%, with no signs of insider selling. The institutional buying near the lows is a positive signal—the market is not panicked, but selectively adding to positions. The fact that FII/DII are both accumulating post-result suggests that institutions parse the caution as temporary, not structural.
What to watch next
1 · Q2 FY27 cost impact and margin trajectory
Raw material cost inflation started arriving June onwards. Q2 will show the real PAT headwind. Management guided ~100 bps; if it materialises, PAT growth will slow materially from Q1's 30.1%. If inflation exceeds 100 bps or pricing power fails to offset, FY27 PAT growth guidance (20%) is at risk. This is the single most important metric to track.
2 · Wokadine ramp-up trajectory (Q2–Q3 FY27)
Q1 showed weak integration; management deferred colour. Q2–Q3 will clarify whether the supply-chain integration phase is ending and acceleration beginning. If Q2–Q3 remain sluggish, the 25% CAGR target becomes unachievable and inorganic guidance falls short. This affects ~1% of FY27 revenue but signals M&A execution quality.
3 · Hormone facility utilization path and international dossier filing
Facility commercialized June 30 on schedule. FY27 utilization expected <1x (turnover ratio); watch for Q2–Q4 capacity utilization data. Dossier filing for international markets targeted Nov–Dec 2026; if achieved on time, it validates management's execution and de-risks FY28–29 export ramp. Any delay signals project risk.
Corona's Q1 FY27 is a showcase of operational excellence with a layer of caution. The beat is real—organic 21.4%, PAT growth 30.1%, volume and pricing both outperforming. But management's refusal to raise FY27 guidance, and explicit commentary that margins are 'not sustainable at current levels,' signals that the quarter is a good execution in a tough environment, not a step-change. The geopolitical raw material cost headwind (~100 bps expected) is material and will weigh on profitability in Q2 onwards unless offset by pricing (which may be capped) or cost reduction (which takes time).
The stock has already repriced for this caution—day-5 fade of −1.96%, discount to ATH, but stable institutional positioning (FII/DII adding). The valuation now reflects a high-quality franchise with near-term margin pressure, not a re-rating candidate. For existing holders, this is a Hold—stay invested for the long-term chronic growth story and EU-GMP facility ramp, but prepare for PAT growth to moderate in H1 FY27 as cost headwinds bite. For new entrants, wait for Q2 actuals to confirm whether the 100 bps cost hit materialises as signalled. If it does, and if Wokadine accelerates, the risk-reward re-sets favorably. The number to track from here is Q2 EBITDA margin—the delta vs. 22% (Q1) will tell you whether management's caution was justified or conservative.
Corona Remedies Q1: consolidated PAT +30% YoY to ₹60 Cr, revenue up 22%, margins expand
PAT +30.1% YoY · revenue +21.9% · margins expanding · inline vs street
₹422.43 Cr
+21.9% YoY
₹60.11 Cr
+30.1% YoY
14.12%
₹9.83
Corona Remedies opened FY27 with a clean growth print: consolidated revenue rose 21.9% YoY to ₹422.4 Cr and net profit climbed 30.1% YoY to ₹60.1 Cr (₹46.2 Cr a year ago), with net margin widening ~90 bps to 14.2%. Profit outgrew revenue with no help from one-offs — neither the current nor year-ago quarter carries an exceptional item, so the reported +30.1% is also the underlying figure. Standalone tells the same story (PAT ₹60.1 Cr); the consolidated line differs by just ₹0.01 Cr of associate profit, so the two bases are effectively identical here.
Q1 FY-2027 vs prior quarters
No year-ago quarter on record — YoY cells may be blank.
The margin expansion is operating-led. Management's disclosed EBITDA rose 33.5% to ₹93.1 Cr with EBITDA margin up 190 bps YoY to 22.0%, driven by brand-building and operational leverage: revenue grew faster than employee costs (₹122.1 Cr, +25%) and other expenses (₹129.7 Cr, +14%), while cost of materials stayed contained. Sequentially the print looks even stronger — revenue +19.6% and PAT +32.6% over Q4 FY26's ₹353.1 Cr / ₹45.3 Cr — but Q4 was a soft base, so YoY is the cleaner read. The board declared the results 31 July; the earnings call is set for 3 August.
The stock went into the print at ₹2,100, up 4.5% over the past month of trading.
For context: this is the highest quarterly PAT in the last 4 quarters on our records; PAT has now risen for 2 consecutive quarters; revenue is at a 4-quarter high.
What the summary numbers don't show
No exceptional items either period — reported +30% PAT growth is fully underlying, not one-off aided
Management provides confident guidance for FY27, expecting over 15% organic revenue growth and 25% growth from its acquired portfolio. They are targeting over 20% PAT growth, supported by a strategic focus on strengthening their chronic segments, launching new biosimilars, and successfully integrating recent acquisitio
— This quarter: beat
Against the bar, this is a beat-to-meet. Management's FY27 guidance from the Q4 concall was >15% organic revenue growth and >20% PAT growth; Q1 delivered 21.9% and 30.1%, comfortably ahead on both. Street context was thin for this December-2025 IPO — Univest's preview pegged Q1 PAT in a ₹58–74 Cr range, and the actual ₹60.1 Cr lands in the lower-middle of it, so inline rather than a blowout. Operationally, management flags Corona as the fastest-growing among IPM's top-30 for six straight months, rank up three places to 26th (MAT June'26), and 5th in Gynaecology. The quarter also saw commercialisation of the EU-GMP female hormone facility (30 June) and the start of Wokadine integration — both feeding the chronic/women's-health focus that underpins the guidance.
W1
FY27 guidance track: sustaining >15% organic revenue and >20% PAT growth over the next three quarters vs Q1's 21.9%/30.1%
W2
Margin durability: whether 22.0% EBITDA / 14.2% net margin holds as new-division and hormone-facility investments ramp (management flagged near-term EBITDA drag)
W3
Wokadine integration and hormone-plant ramp converting into incremental revenue from Q2 onward
Clean digital PDF. Both statements present; standalone PAT 60.10 vs consolidated 60.11 (diff = 0.01 associate share of La Chandra Pharmalab) — immaterial. No exceptional item in Q1FY27 or Q1FY26, so raw YoY = adjusted YoY (the Rs.19.10 Cr labour-code exceptional sits in FY26 full-year figures only). Company: single 'Pharmaceuticals' segment. EBITDA figures (Rs.93.1 Cr, 22.0% margin) are from the press release, not the audited statement.
Beat Q1 but margin headwinds ahead; guidance unchanged
The verdict, the claims that held up, the sharpest analyst exchanges, and the risks — the earnings call, decoded from the transcript.
Hold
confidence 7/10
Grade A
Delivered Q1 well above stated 15% organic/20% PAT guidance. Prudently maintained full-year guidance rather than raised; cites costs ahead.
Cautiously Optimistic
next 1–2 quarters
Optimistic
multi-year
Strong Q1 beat (21.4% organic, 30.1% PAT) validates execution. However, management maintained FY27 guidance despite quarter outperformance, citing geopolitical raw material cost headwinds (~100 bps). Margin expansion real but not durable; watch for Q2 to confirm cost impact.
₹422.4 Cr
Revenue · +21.9% YoY₹60.1 Cr
Reported PAT · +30.1% YoYExpanding
Margins · vs guidance: CorroboratedDid the claims hold up?
Organic growth 21.4% vs stated 15% guidance
METDelivered ₹422.4 Cr revenue, organic ex-Wokadine 21.4% YoY
PAT growth >20% for FY27
METQ1 delivered 30.1% YoY (₹60 Cr vs ₹46 Cr), PAT margin 14.2% vs 13.3% prior
Fastest-growing among top-30 pharmas, rank 29→26
METManagement cites PharmaTrac data; volume growth 5x IPM (6.3% vs 1.3%) evidences outperformance
Pricing power: 8.7% growth vs IPM 5.6%
METQ1 margin expansion (EBITDA +190 bps to 22%, PAT +90 bps to 14.2%) consistent with pricing leverage
Margin profile sustainable in coming quarters
OVERSTATEDManagement explicitly cautious: 'premature to comment on sustainability' due to geopolitical cost risk; expects ~100 bps hit
Earnings quality
What changed since the last call
Margin guidance tone shifted cautious
DowngradeQ1 FY26 prior call guided stable margins. This call: 'premature to comment on sustainability'; geopolitical cost risk flagged. EBITDA margin 22% (strong), but warned ~100 bps headwind
Wokadine growth trajectory reset
DowngradePrior guidance: 25% CAGR (₹20 Cr → ₹40 Cr in 3 years). Q1 delivered weak ramp (supply chain phase); management deferred colour to future quarters. Risk to 1.5–2% inorganic guidance
No MR additions in FY27
NeutralPrior quarter: added 400 MRs (end Q4 FY26). FY27: zero additions. Future: 6–8% annual additions (200–250 MRs). Leverage existing force against 21% growth
Hormone facility commercialized on schedule
UpgradeEUR-GMP Women's hormone facility commercialized June 30 as planned. Asset turnover <1x in FY27; ramp path established. International dossier filing Nov–Dec 2026
The Q&A
Analysts pressed on margin sustainability multiple times (Amey Chalke, Gopal Bhatt, Alankar Garude); management held firm on cost discipline and operating leverage narrative but acknowledged geopolitical volatility. On Wokadine, analysts skeptical of weak Q1 ramp vs. 25% CAGR target; management deferred clarity. Tone: professional, not defensive.
IPM acceleration drivers — Pratik Dharmshi, Union Mutual Fund
AnsweredPost-COVID normalization. IPM grew lower single-digit for 20+ years; now sustainable 10% (9–11% range). Expects to stabilize at this level going forward.
Hormone facility strategy — Pratik Dharmshi, Union Mutual Fund
Answered97% India business today, aim 90%+ for next 3–5 years. Facility supports both; international ramp expected FY28–29 post-dossier. India-focused thesis unchanged.
Margin trajectory sustainability — Amey Chalke, JM Financial
PartialMargin driven by product mix, operational leverage. Cautious on extrapolating current levels due to geopolitical volatility. FY27 guidance unchanged (15% revenue, 20% PAT). Operating leverage will support margins over medium term.
Cardio-Diabeto positioning — Amey Chalke, JM Financial
PartialAlready top-10 in consolidation new business. IPM rank 20th is historical legacy. Cardio growth 15% (IPM benchmark). Portfolio well-placed; focus on maintaining top-10 momentum in new business.
Raw material cost inflation — Alankar Garude, Kotak Bank
AnsweredGeopolitical disturbance started Feb 27. Had 70–90 day stock buffer; Q1 less impacted. New stock arriving June onwards. Expect ~100 bps hit; mitigating with cost reduction. Guidance (20% PAT) remains on track.
Wokadine acquisition performance — Alankar Garude, Kotak Bank
PartialInternal revenue ₹20 Cr (vs. external ₹28–30 Cr). Targeting ₹20 Cr → ₹40 Cr over 3 years at 25% CAGR. Q1 is integration phase (supply chain). Expect acceleration in coming quarters.
Organic vs. inorganic growth split — Sidharth Negandhi, CWC
Answered21.4% organic, 21.9% total. 85% of ₹100 Cr growth came organic; 15% inorganic (old acquisitions 3–4 years back). Wokadine is first-year inorganic (measured separately for 25% target).
MR hiring and margin leverage — Alankar Garude, Kotak Bank
PartialAdded 400 MRs end Q4 FY26. FY27 leverage those; future target 6–8% annual additions (200–250/year). Guidance (15% revenue, 20% PAT) achievable with this plan.
Hormone facility under-recoveries — Alankar Garude, Kotak Bank
AnsweredFacility started June 30 (quarter-end). Asset turnover <1x in FY27, rises to 2–3x over 3 years. No material opex impact yet (costs capitalized pre-commissioning).
Semaglutide GLP-1 market opportunity — Alankar Garude, Kotak Bank
AnsweredGLP-1 market opportunity (₹1,500–1,800 Cr). Aiming top-10 position; focus is on core engine brands vs. semaglutide. Getting good results from engine brand strategy.
Organic brand scaling — Sidharth Negandhi, CWC
AnsweredAll organic. Both organically developed and scaled. Shows strength of brand-building machine.
Hormonal API backward integration — Bhavika Singhvi, Niveshaay
Answered31% stake (associate company). Supplies progesterone, dydrogesterone, norethisterone, etc. ~60–65% of hormonal API sourced from La Chandra; balance from other global suppliers.
Guidance
FY27 organic revenue growth: 15%, inorganic 1.5–2% (~17% total)
MediumQ1 delivered 21.4% organic vs 15% target. Management explicitly cautious on annualizing; cites IPM expected to stabilize 9–11%, expects outperformance maintained but not guaranted. Inorganic headwind: Wokadine underperforming in Q1 (supply chain phase); 25% CAGR target under risk.
EBITDA/PAT margins: 'maintain within similar range' to Q1 (22% EBITDA, 14.2% PAT)
LowExplicitly cautious: 'premature to comment on sustainability of current levels.' Geopolitical raw material cost headwind ~100 bps expected in Q2+. Favorable product mix and operating leverage cited as offsets, but no numbers guaranted.
EU-GMP hormone facility: ₹130 Cr capex (capitalized), asset turnover <1x FY27, ramps 2–3x over 3 years
HighFacility operational June 30. Depreciation ~₹6.5 Cr/year (20-year amortization). FY27–28 ramp-up phase; international dossier filing targeted Nov–Dec 2026, exports FY28–29
Risks the call surfaced
Cost inflation volatility
HighGeopolitical disturbance began Feb 27, 2026. Management had 70–90 day inventory buffer; Q1 less impacted. New procurement arriving June onwards. Expects ~100 bps PAT headwind in Q2+. Volatility duration and magnitude difficult to predict.
Acquired portfolio integration
MediumWokadine acquired Dec 2025 for ₹97 Cr; guided 25% CAGR (₹20 Cr internal revenue → ₹40 Cr in 3 years). Q1 showed weak ramp; management attributed to supply-chain integration phase. Risk: CAGR target becomes unachievable if ramp remains sluggish in Q2–Q3.
Hormone facility utilization
Medium₹130 Cr capex facility commercialized June 30. Management projects turnover ratio <1x in FY27, rising to 2–3x over 3 years. Risk: if ramp slower than expected, ROIC poor in FY27–28; depreciation drag (~₹6.5 Cr/year) limits PAT accretion until utilization improves.
International business immateriality
MediumInternational revenue 3% of total. Long-term target: higher single-digit after 5 years. Hormone facility EU-GMP dossier submission Nov–Dec 2026; regulatory approval estimated 12–18 months (FY28–29 kick-off). Risk: regulatory delays or rejection derail export growth; facility utilization remains domestic-dependent longer.
Margin sustainability
MediumQ1 showed EBITDA margin +190 bps (22%) and PAT margin +90 bps (14.2%) on favorable chronic mix and leverage. Management explicitly cautious: 'premature to comment on sustainability... given evolving cost environment.' If geopolitical inflation persists and pricing power exhausted, margins compress.
Management
Score 7/10. Transparent on headwinds (geopolitical cost, Wokadine ramp risk). Avoided over-assertion despite Q1 beat; maintained guidance (cautious). Crisp on operational metrics (volume 5x IPM, pricing 8.7%, chronic 73.4%). Did not provide quarterly breakdowns on cost impact or Wokadine trajectory (partial evasion on two key points). Q1 delivered 21.4% organic growth vs 15% guidance (beat). 30.1% PAT growth vs 20% guidance (beat). Ranked 29th → 26th in top-30 pharmas. EU-GMP facility on schedule (June 30 commissioning met). Wokadine integration underway (weak Q1 but attributed to supply-chain phase, credible). 3-year brand scaling: 1 → 2 brands >₹100 Cr, 32 → 40 brands >₹10 Cr (solid execution on commercial model).
1 · Q2 FY27 (Aug–Sep 2026)
Raw material cost inflation impact materializes; Wokadine ramp-up trajectory clarifies
2 · Nov–Dec 2026
Hormone facility EU-GMP dossier submission for international markets (FY28–29 exports expected)
3 · FY27 full-year (Mar 2027)
Confirm 15% organic/20% PAT guidance vs actual; validate margin resilience or contraction
Margin expansion real but not durable; watch for Q2 to confirm cost impact.